Evaluation of concrete armour units used to repair damaged dolos breakwaters

Richards Bay Port, located in the East Coast of South Africa, was built during the 1970s. Two rubble mound breakwaters were constructed to protect the deep-water entrance channel and create a sheltered area for the vessels. Since the completion of these breakwaters in 1976, they have withstood several major storms, including cyclones that have...

Toe structures of rubble mound breakwater: Stability in depth limited conditions

This thesis is about the stability of toe material for rubble mound breakwaters in depth limited conditions. The present equation, Van der Meer 1998, gives results for depth limited conditions but is not validated. The empirical equation is based on physical model tests done by Gerding 1993. The Van der Meer equation implies deep water and...

Toe structure for rubble mound breakwaters: Analysis of toe bund design tools and a method for toe rock stability description

This thesis investigates the stability of rocks in toe bunds for rubble mound breakwaters. Presently recommended design tools lack a reasonable degree of accuracy to assess required toe element dimensions. The goal of this research is to improve the insight in the physical process related to stability of toe bund elements under wave load....