Monitoring the deformation behavior of an immersed tunnel with Distributed Optical Fiber Sensor (DOFS)

Monitoring seasonal deformation behavior of an immersed tunnel with distributed optical fiber sensors

Seasonal joint deformations within an immersed tunnel are important indicators to assess structural behavior and therefore should be monitored in detail. In this study, distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) are applied to precisely measure the seasonal joint deformations in an immersed tunnel for the first time. Measurements over a one...

Design of a distributed optical fiber sensor system for measuring immersed tunnel joint deformations

Monitoring the deformations of immersed tunnels is important during the entire tunnel service life to assess the structural integrity of the tunnel. Conventional joint deformation monitoring is based on manual levelling measurements and normally occurs only at multi-year intervals, which does not allow to capture short term deformation...

Alternative of an immersion joint

The developments in the technology and design philosophy since the first immersed tunnel was completed more than a century ago. These developments include, amongst others: the introduction of the Gina rubber gasket between elements; the division of elements into sections divided by flexible joints; various foundation methods; and the transport...

Feasibility study of lowering the Beneluxtunnel

The persistent increase of container vessel dimensions requires ports to adapt their wet infrastructure in order to compete with their competitors. However, in some cases waterway tunnels are expected to restrict the maximum depth. The Beneluxtunnel in Rotterdam is an example of such a tunnel. To allow more depth, the possibility of lowering...