External Human-Machine Interfaces can fail! An examination of trust development and misuse in a large CAVE-based pedestrian simulation environment

<b>Aim:</b> In this study, we aimed to investigate pedestrians’ trust, crossing behaviour, and misuse of an automated vehicle (AV) equipped with an external human-machine interface (eHMI). We hypothesized that participants’ trust would drop to a low level when the eHMI fails (i.e., the eHMI turns on, but the vehicle does not brake), followed by...

Hand gestures as a form of communicating crossing intent from pedestrians to Automated Vehicles

Communication between pedestrians and drivers partially relies on nonverbal communication methods such as eye-contact and gestures. With the transition from manually driven vehicles to automated vehicles (AVs), pedestrians could lose the ability to communicate their intention to the driver. This study investigated the use of hand gestures as a...

A user centered, edge based interaction between humans and autonomous vehicles

Autonomous vehicles have advanced rapidly in the last decades. The automotive industry is making valiant efforts to strengthen autonomous vehicle technologies and improve overall road safety. Besides actual safety, feeling safe is equally important. In other words, there is also a socio-technical perspective of self-driving vehicles that should...

Interaction between pedestrians and Wizard of Oz automated vehicles

Automated Vehicles (AV) will be introduced on public roads in the near future. This would result in automated vehicles sharing the urban space with other road users including drivers of traditional vehicles and vulnerable road users. Pedestrians might be unable to distinguish the vehicle type (traditional or automated) they are interacting with...