Air–water properties of unsteady breaking bore part 2: Void fraction and bubble statistics

Continuing from the part 1 (Shi et al., 2022) this paper presents an experimental investigation of transient void fraction and bubble statistics in a highly turbulent breaking bore with Fr₁=2.4. The measurements were conducted using a combination of dual-tip phase-detection probes and an ultra-high-speed video camera. The enclosed...

Air–water properties of unsteady breaking bores part 1: Novel Eulerian and Lagrangian velocity measurements using intrusive and non-intrusive techniques

Transient motion, turbulence and bubble dynamics make any velocity quantification extremely difficult in unsteady gas–liquid flows. In the present study, novel Eulerian and Lagrangian techniques of velocimetry were developed, using both intrusive and non-intrusive measurements. The selected unsteady gas–liquid flow was a breaking bore,...

Two-phase air-water flows in hydraulic jumps at low Froude number: Similarity, scale effects and the need for field observations

A hydraulic jump is a region of rapidly-varied flow that is extremely turbulent. While the one-dimensional continuity and momentum principles have been successfully applied to express the relationships between upstream and downstream conditions, the three-dimensional equations cannot be resolved without some complicated turbulence closure,...