Countermeasures against Fault Injection Attacks in Neural Networks and Processors

Machine learning has gained a lot of recognition recently and is now being used in many important applications. However, this recognition was limited in the hardware security area. Especially, very few approaches depend on this powerful tool to detect attacks during operation. This thesis reduces this gap in the field of fault injection attack...

Application of Deep Neural Networks to the Operator Space of Nonlinear PDE for Physics-Based Proxy Modelling

In this study, we utilize deep neural networks to approximate operators of a nonlinear partial differential equation (PDE), within the Operator-Based Linearization (OBL) simulation framework, and discover the physical space for a physics-based proxy model with reduced degrees of freedom. In our methodology, observations from a high-fidelity...

Explainable Artificial Intelligence to Investigate the Contribution of Design Variables to the Static Characteristics of Bistable Composite Laminates

Material properties, geometrical dimensions, and environmental conditions can greatly influence the characteristics of bistable composite laminates. In the current work, to understand how each input feature contributes to the curvatures of the stable equilibrium shapes of bistable laminates and the snap-through force to change these...

Quantifying the Endogenous Domain and Model Shifts Induced by the DiCE Generator

Algorithmic recourse aims to provide individuals affected by a negative classification outcome with actions which, if applied, would flip this outcome. Various approaches to the generation of recourse have been proposed in the literature; these are typically assessed on statistical measures such as the validity of generated explanations or their...

Quantifying the Endogenous Domain and Model Shifts Induced by the CLUE Recourse Generator

Employing counterfactual explanations in a recourse process gives a positive outcome to an individual, but it also shifts their corresponding data point. For systems where models are updated frequently, a change might be seen when recourse is applied, and after multiple rounds, severe shifts in both model and domain may occur. Algorithmic...

Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence to Improve Transparency of Reinforcement Learning for Online Adaptive Flight Control: Breaking Open the Black Box

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) shows great potential for flight control, due to its adaptability, fault-tolerance, and as it does not require an accurate system model. However, these techniques, like many machine learning applications, are considered black-box as their inner workings are hidden. This paper aims to break open the black box of...

Coevolution of machine learning and process-based modelling to revolutionize Earth and environmental sciences: A perspective

Machine learning (ML) applications in Earth and environmental sciences (EES) have gained incredible momentum in recent years. However, these ML applications have largely evolved in ‘isolation’ from the mechanistic, process-based modelling (PBM) paradigms, which have historically been the cornerstone of scientific discovery and policy support....

Code Smells & Software Quality in Machine Learning Projects

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are pervasive in the current computer science landscape. Yet, there still exists a lack of Software Engineering (SE) experience and best practices in this field. One such best practice, static code analysis, can be used to find code smells, i.e., (potential) defects in the source code,...

Explainable artificial intelligence in forensics: realistic explanations for number of contributor predictions of DNA profiles

Using machine learning to determine the number of contributors (NOC) in short tandem repeat (STR) mixture DNA profiles has been shown to obtain good accuracy. However, the models used so far are not transparent to users as they only output a prediction without any reasoning for that conclusion. Therefore, we leverage techniques from the field of...

High-dimensional numerical optimization of fiber reinforced polymers with variational autoencoders and Bayesian optimization

Designing engineering structures relies on accurate numerical simulations to predict the behaviour of a structure before its realization. In the design process, many variables influence the final structure. There is an incentive for optimizing the design based on the desire for cheaper structures and less material usage. Although a wide variety...

Designing Depression Screening Chatbots

Advances in voice recognition, natural language processing, and artificial intelligence have led to the increasing availability and use of conversational agents (chatbots) in different settings. Chatbots are systems that mimic human dialogue interaction through text or voice. This paper describes a series of design considerations for...

AI Model Lifecycle Management: Systematic Mapping Study and Solution for AI Democratisation

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has made various industries eager to realise and obtain the benefits of AI. There is an increasing amount of research surrounding AI, most of which is centred on the development of new AI algorithms and techniques, thereby, however, ignoring an increasing set of practical problems related to AI...

Photovoltaic Yield Nowcasting: For Residential Solar Systems in the Netherlands Using a Machine Learning Approach

An increasing number of photovoltaic (PV) systems are being installed worldwide and residential sector is responsible for a large part of this growth. Small scale PV systems do not have complex measuring devices and their breakdowns are not spotted immediately by the system owners. This might lead to prolonged time without generating power and...

Deep Reinforcement Learning for Goal-directed Visual Navigation

Safe navigation in a cluttered environment is a key capability for the autonomous operation of Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs). This work explores a (deep) Reinforcement Learning (RL) based approach for monocular vision based obstacle avoidance and goal directed navigation for MAVs in cluttered environments. We investigated this problem in the...