Interdisciplinary parametric design

Abstract

Focusing on large span structures for sport buildings, the paper tackles the role of parametric modelling and performance simulations, to enhance the integration between architectural and engineering design. The general approach contrasts post-engineering processes. In post-engineering, technical performances are considered in late stages of design and tailored upon preconceived and constraining architectural solutions. Contrarily, the paper advocates the use of engineering (including structural) performances to drive creativity and innovation in conceptual design. It presents examples of research-based education, in which parametric modelling and engineering performance simulations are used in accordance to this approach. An interdisciplinary Master Design Course is presented. The course is concerned with complex horizontal large span building structures; it is tutored by academic and professional experts; and it simulates real processes. The students work in multidisciplinary teams. In each team, a student is responsible for a discipline (architectural design, structural design, envelope design, climate design and computational design). The collaborative process occurs based on computational tools, parametric methods and interdisciplinary performance evaluations. Each specialist works on 3D parametric models, to investigate aspects relevant for the specific discipline. Each specialist also shares a number of parameters across disciplines. Individual models are then integrated into shared core models. The process involves all team members; and the computational designer of each team organizes and coordinates the process. Examples of student-works are discussed regarding how parametric modelling (coupled with performance analysis – i.e. structural and multidisciplinary performances) supports design explorations for interdisciplinary performance-based design, from conceptual to detailed design. The paper critically addresses the success and difficulties of the approach.