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Institutionalising AI into Democratic Deliberations
Tensions in Practice
Participation builds trust, not framing
Insights from a national energy-transition experiment
Institutional trust is a critical determinant of public cooperation in the energy transition, yet little is known about how different framings of government communication influence trust in practice. This study reports results from a large-scale national experiment (N ≈ 3000) embedded in a Participatory Value Evaluation (PVE) on heat-transition policy. Participants were randomly assigned to one of six value-based framing conditions, or a control group: environmental, financial, or stability messaging, each presented by either local or national government. Trust in government was measured before and after the intervention, enabling a Difference-in-Differences analysis complemented by Latent Profile Analysis and Honest Causal Forests.Across all specifications, value-based framing failed to increase trust and, in some cases, reduced it, with the local-stability frame showing the most consistent negative effect. Trust responses varied strongly across latent trust profiles but not across demographic groups, indicating that predispositions toward government, rather than socio-demographic characteristics, drive communication sensitivity. In contrast, participation in the PVE itself produced a modest and robust increase in trust independent of the framing treatment. These findings suggest that participatory decision tools may strengthen trust, whereas value-laden communication risks unintended negative effects.
Adoption of Telemedicine in Low-Resource Settings Through the Lens of Frugal Innovation
Protocol for a Systematic Review
Background: Access to health care, especially in low-resource settings, remains a critical challenge for marginalized and underserved populations. Telemedicine, delivering medical advice remotely, has the potential to improve access to health care by reducing geographic and economic barriers. Its adoption, however, especially in low-resource settings, remains limited. Frugal innovation, characterized by solutions developed under tremendous resource constraints and prioritizing affordability, accessibility, and simplicity, offers valuable insights for enhancing telemedicine adoption. Rooted in a sociocultural approach, it is particularly relevant in low-resource health systems where complex, intersectoral challenges occur. Despite this potential, insights from frugal innovation have not been compared, contrasted, or studied alongside telemedicine in a systematic way. Objective: Our review aims to examine how frugal innovation contributes to the adoption of telemedicine in low-resource settings, with a particular focus on identifying frugal innovation characteristics that facilitate telemedicine adoption. Methods: Our PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)-guided systematic review will examine case studies of adopted telemedicine applications in low-resource settings. Eligible studies need to demonstrate evidence of adoption and use in real-world health care settings. We will examine functions and features of telemedicine, along with frugal innovation characteristics, as demonstrated by each telemedicine application. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE ALL, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Scopus, Dimensions, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, EconLit, the International HTA Database, LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences), the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Index Medicus, and the WHO Global Health Observatory. Results: Insights from our review will deepen the understanding of how health care technologies such as telemedicine can be positioned and configured to improve adoption in low-resource settings. Search results, delivered in February 2025, were followed by title and abstract screening in March 2025, full-text screening in April 2025, and final study selection and quality appraisal by November 2025. With dataset updates requested in December 2025, the data synthesis remains ongoing. The expected results will be published in 2026. Conclusions: This combined assessment will examine how frugal innovation can contribute to the adoption of telemedicine in low-resource settings. As a result, we expect that our findings will contribute to the development of frugal telemedicine as a sociotechnical artifact. The protocol is submitted to enhance transparency and rigor.
Governance by Design for Multi-Agent BIM Decision Support
Traceability and evidence sufficiency in post-revision value-engineering decision support for Rijkswaterstaat
Following Design Science Research, a literature-derived baseline of twelve modules is reshaped through twenty-one governance requirements and built as a sixteen-module prototype. Governance by Design specifies evidence records and release conditions before coding. The prototype assesses material purchase costs and product-stage embodied carbon, preserves sources and gaps, and passes every completed dossier through a mandatory release gate. Module verification is followed by evaluation against a rubric fixed in advance, using eleven published revision pairs in Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) format and thirteen constructed evidence scenarios.
Twenty-one of the twenty-three runs reaching governance return the expected verdict. Both disagreements release where defer was expected. A coverage measure overlooks an important unmatched element, and a traceability check accepts a link to an incomplete record. Correct release rules therefore do not ensure an appropriate verdict when their evidence measures miss a defect. The contribution is a governed architecture and design knowledge for preserving evidence and testing both its measures and release rules. Findings remain bounded to one build and dataset, a researcher-defined standard and an evaluation without practitioners. Testing with an infrastructure owner is needed before operational use.
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Following Design Science Research, a literature-derived baseline of twelve modules is reshaped through twenty-one governance requirements and built as a sixteen-module prototype. Governance by Design specifies evidence records and release conditions before coding. The prototype assesses material purchase costs and product-stage embodied carbon, preserves sources and gaps, and passes every completed dossier through a mandatory release gate. Module verification is followed by evaluation against a rubric fixed in advance, using eleven published revision pairs in Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) format and thirteen constructed evidence scenarios.
Twenty-one of the twenty-three runs reaching governance return the expected verdict. Both disagreements release where defer was expected. A coverage measure overlooks an important unmatched element, and a traceability check accepts a link to an incomplete record. Correct release rules therefore do not ensure an appropriate verdict when their evidence measures miss a defect. The contribution is a governed architecture and design knowledge for preserving evidence and testing both its measures and release rules. Findings remain bounded to one build and dataset, a researcher-defined standard and an evaluation without practitioners. Testing with an infrastructure owner is needed before operational use.