L. n. nitrum, native soda, natron, nitrate; L. fem. n. Lancea. a lance; N.L. fem. n. Nitrolancea, a nitrate(-forming) lance-shaped bacterium. The genus Nitrolancea, classified within the family Sphaerobacteriaceae, order Sphaerobacteriales, classThermomicrobia, phylum Chloroflexi, consists of aerobic bacteria that grow chemolithoautotrophically by oxidation of nitrite to nitrate and can also oxidize formate to CO2 as an additional energy source. The electron acceptor is O2. Nitrolancea represents the first exampleof nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in the phylum Chloroflexi. The only known species of the genus is the type species, Nitrolancea hollandica. The only strain (N. hollandica LbT) has been isolated from a lab-scale nitrifying bioreactor with a high loading rate of ammoniumbicarbonate.DNA G+C content (mol%): 62.6 (genome). Type species: Nitrolancea hollandica Sorokin,Vejmelkova, Lücker, Streshinskaya, Rijpstra, Sinninghe-Damsté, Kleerbezem, van Loosdrecht, Muyzer andDaims 2014, 1864VP.