Brushite calcium phosphate cements (bCPCs) are promising synthetic bone substitutes due to their bioactivity, osteoconductivity, and controlled degradation. However, their clinical use is limited by poor handling, low mechanical strength, and insufficient antimicrobial capability. This study explores the incorporation of α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) and silk fibroin (SF) to enhance bCPC performance and enable localized antibiotic delivery using tetracycline (TC). Adding α-TCP improved compressive strength (up to 2.65 MPa), while SF in liquid or fiber form reinforced the matrix. The inclusion of TC and SF extended setting times (4–7 min initial; 7–30 min final) and maintained injectability (up to 50 %). Drug release studies showed a 10 % burst in the first 24 h, with a sustained release of 77 % over 14 days. These multifunctional bCPCs offer injectable, resorbable, and antibacterial properties, making them suitable for non-load-bearing bone repair applications.

Osteoporosis is the most widespread metabolic bone disease which represents a major public health burden. Consequently, novel biomaterials with a strong capacity to regenerate osteoporotic bone defects are urgently required. In view of the anti-osteoporotic and osteopromotive efficacy of alendronate and 45S5 bioactive glass, respectively, we investigated the feasibility to synthesize novel hybrid particles by exploiting the strong interactions between these two compounds. Herein, we demonstrate the facile preparation of a novel class of hybrid particles of tunable morphology, chemical composition and structure. These hybrid particles (i) release alendronate and various inorganic elements (Ca, Na, Si, and P) in a controlled manner, (ii) exhibit a strong anti-osteoclastic effect in vitro, and (iii) stimulate regeneration of osteoporotic bone in vivo. Consequently, this novel class of hybrid biomaterials opens up new avenues of research on the design of bone substitutes with specific activity to facilitate regeneration of bone defects in osteoporotic patients.

Percutaneous medical devices are prone to bacterial contamination that causes dramatic clinical conditions. At the percutaneous level of dental implant systems, microbial pathogens induce biofilm formation that may result in bone resorption and dental implant loss. In view of peri-implantitis caused by bacterial inflammation at the percutaneous abutment region, we here establish a novel drug release system based on layer-by-layer (LbL)-deposited poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and poly-L-lysine (PLL) coatings on titanium (Ti). Detailed multilayer coating characterization was performed by different microscopy and spectroscopy techniques to probe physical and chemical properties. Our data revealed a significant difference in roughness average between ten double layers coated (141 nm ±30) and uncoated Ti discs (115 nm ±40). Although roughness of the coatings increased significantly after immersion in water for 24 h at 37 °C, this physical property remained below 200 nm. Coating stability was confirmed under neutral and acidic pH, mimicking healthy and diseased/inflammatory environments, respectively. LbL coatings supported in vitro human keratinocytes growth, demonstrating absence of cytotoxic effects. Tetracycline (TC) showed an initial burst release under neutral and acidic conditions, which further demonstrated robust antibacterial efficacy against Porphyromonas gingivalis. However, a convenient pH-dependent 2-folds increase in TC release was observed for coatings incubated at pH = 4.5. Sustained TC release was observed from coatings up till 15 days of incubation in both pH conditions. These results demonstrate the potential application of this simple surface modification to leverage anti-bacterial efficacy at the percutaneous abutment region.