Hypothesis: Interface dynamics, such as Haines jumps, are crucial in multi-phase flow through porous media. However, the role of intrinsic surface wettability in pore-filling events remains unclear, and the pressure response requires further study. This work evaluates the impact of wettability on interface stability and pressure dynamics. Experiments and simulations: We performed microfluidic experiments and level-set simulations of two-phase flow. Water displaced air or Fluorinert in a PDMS micro-model with controlled wettability (contact angles: 60^∘, 95^∘, 120^∘). Three injection velocities covered capillary- to viscous-dominated flow regimes. High-resolution imaging and synchronized pressure recordings linked interface curvature with capillary pressure changes. Findings: At low capillary numbers, wettability strongly affects burst pressure and pinning. Its influence decreases at higher capillary numbers. We observed an apparent wettability shift due to hysteresis and a capillary pressure barrier linked to pore-wall slope variations. Simulations replicated experimental trends, confirming the role of wettability in pore-scale displacement. These findings provide critical insights for improving pore-network models and understanding wettability effects in porous media.

Bubbly turbulent flow in a channel is investigated using interface-resolved direct numerical simulation. An efficient coupled level-set volume-of-fluid solver based on a fast Fourier transform algorithm is implemented to enable a high resolution and fast computation at the same time. Up to 384 bubbles are seeded in the turbulent channel flow corresponding to 5.4% gas volume fraction. Bubbles are clustered in the channel center due to the downward flow direction. The bubbles induce additional pseudo-turbulence in the channel center and are also able to attenuate the energy in the boundary layer by reducing the shear production. Turbulent kinetic energy budget indicates a significant buoyancy production in the channel center. A local equilibrium between buoyancy production and dissipation is observed here besides the shear production peak in the boundary layer. Comparing the local production and dissipation indicates a coexistence of boundary layer turbulence near the wall and bubble-induced pseudo-turbulence in the channel center. The liquid phase and gas phase are coupled through the complex liquid-gas interface. Local flow topology analysis is depicted in the liquid phase around the bubbles as well as in the gas phase. The flow topology of the liquid phase and the gas phase differs from each other significantly. Local dissipation is more dominant in the liquid phase near the bubble interface, whereas local enstrophy is preferred in the gas phase. In the liquid phase, a high dissipation event is preferred close to the interface, whereas a high enstrophy event is dominant away from the interface.