Despite the extensive analysis of the consequences of interruptions caused by smartphone notifications, research on the effects on users has so far been sparse. Therefore, in this work we (1) explore concepts on preventing interruptions elicited by notification delay in a focus group; (2) implement a smartphone application manipulating the notification delay in three distinct ways varying in the degree of user-control; (3) evaluate all three concepts with 13 users in a four-week field trial. We thereby gather qualitative feedback in 52 semi-structured interviews, one per participant after each mode and an additional control week. The results show that through the intensive preoccupation with their notification management, users reflect critically about advantages and disadvantages of their continuous reachability. Based on the results from the focus group and field trial, we derive four design implications summarizing the users' experiences and suggestions on notification delay mechanisms.@en

Around 466 million people in the world live with hearing loss, with many benefiting from sign language as a mean of communication. Through advancements in technology-supported learning, autodidactic acquisition of sign languages, e.g., American Sign Language (ASL), has become possible. However, little is known about the best practices for teaching signs using technology. This work investigates the use of different conditions for teaching ASL signs: audio, visual, electrical muscle stimulation (EMS), and visual combined with EMS. In a user study, we compare participants' accuracy in executing signs, recall ability after a two-week break, and user experience. Our results show that the conditions involving EMS resulted in the best overall user experience. Moreover, ten ASL experts rated the signs performed with visual and EMS combined highest. We conclude our work with the potentials and drawbacks of each condition and present implications that will benefit the design of future learning systems. @en