The main objective of this paper is to give an overview of the risks seen in the exploration and production of geothermal energy from the viewpoint of the regulator. The risks are categorised as conventional risks, ultra-deep risks and enhancing factors. These risks are similar to those seen in the oil and gas industry, but the maturity of the geothermal sector in terms of managing such risks is much lower.

Another objective of this paper is to discuss how these risks are managed and mitigated by the sector and the supervisor, State Supervision of Mines (SodM). Portfolio operators developing multiple projects, using skilled employees and embracing continuous improvement are seen as the way forward for the sector to grow safely and sustainably.

This paper concludes that positive developments have started, but a lot of work still needs to be done to ensure safe growth of the geothermal energy sector.