Purpose
PropTech has shown important implications for real estate; however, it remains a poorly understood phenomenon in both academia and practice. This paper aims to advance the understanding of PropTech by disentangling what the real estate sector needs from technology and, in parallel, observing closely the activities of PropTech businesses in two different countries.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper adopts a mixed-method approach relying on qualitative data collected through interviews with PropTech players and real estate operators, and quantitative data collected through multiple sources on the Finnish and Italian PropTech ecosystems. The analysis is exploratory and descriptive.

Findings
This study underscores the potential benefits that digital technologies, introduced by PropTech, can add to the real estate sector: data integration; decisions informed from data; balance of new and old approaches to problem-solving; change in vision; adaptability of technologies and business models; and new professional profiles. These benefits are obtained when technology enables innovation from cross-pollination of different sectors. This becomes evident through the analysis of NACE activities, which demonstrates that innovation not only depends on interactions between property and technology, but the phenomenon covers a much broader spectrum of activities and industries.

Originality/value
Our exploratory analysis brings up new evidence that not only the real estate sector and property sector are affected by PropTech but the phenomenon covers a much broader spectrum of activities and industries. This paper contributes to the debate on technology innovations and value chain in the real estate and construction sector, while adding a cross-country perspective.