Cases of oil spills in the Indonesian coastal area
Ecological impacts, health risk assessment, and mitigation strategies
Setyo Budi Kurniawan (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin)
Muhammad Fauzul Imron (Airlangga University, TU Delft - Sanitary Engineering)
Ali Roziqin (Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang)
Dwi Sasmita Aji Pambudi (Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya)
Benedicta Dian Alfanda (Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya)
Mahasin Maulana Ahmad (Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya)
Fatmalia Khoirunnisa (Ministry of Environment and Forestry)
Rizka Andriani Mahmudah (Mojokerto District Government)
Rizkiy Amaliyah Barakwan (Airlangga University)
Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh (Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin)
Hafizan Juahir (Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin)
More Info
expand_more
Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons.
Abstract
Oil is still the main source of energy in various sectors, such as transportation, industries, and electricity. As one of the developing countries, Indonesia has enormous activities related to oil, including drilling, transporting, and refining. This paper aimed to provide a review of the cases of oil spills in the Indonesian coastal area as an impact of oil-related activities. Most of the Indonesian oil spill cases occurred due to tanker leakage, pipe leakage, and ship accidents. Most of the well-documented and reported cases of oil spills in the Indonesian coastal area occurred in Java Region, with PT Pertamina (a government-owned oil and gas company) and its subsidiaries being the primary parties commonly involved in the accidents. The ecological impacts of the oil spill, including those on plankton, benthos, fish, birds, and vegetation, are then elaborated in detail. Additionally, health risks to humans are also intensively discussed, presenting acute and long-term exposure effects. This paper presents oil spill management strategies, focusing on the mitigations and regulations related to previous cases, in which cleanup operations and financial compensations were the most frequently implemented mitigation efforts. This paper also lists the options for technologies, including physical, chemical, and biological methods, in an effort to clean up oil spills. Monitoring the adverse effects of oil spills on human health and creating local-specific contingency plans are suggested to be conducted for future research directions.