18F-Labeled Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Staging and Restaging Patients With Breast Cancer
David Groheux (Centre d’Imagerie Radio-Isotopique (CIRI), Saint-Louis Hospital, Universite Paris Diderot)
Sofia C. Vaz (Champalimaud Clinical Center, Leiden University Medical Center)
L.F. de Geus-Oei (University of Twente, Leiden University Medical Center, TU Delft - RST/Radiation, Science and Technology)
Elizabeth H. Dibble (Brown University)
Gary A. Ulaner (Hoag Family Cancer Institute, University of Southern California)
Gary J.R. Cook (King’s College London, Guy's & St Thomas' PET Centre)
Elif Hindié (Bordeaux University Hospital, Institut Universitaire de France)
Philip Poortmans (Universiteit Antwerpen, Iridium Netwerk)
Ritse Mann (Radboud University Medical Center, Nederlands Kanker Instituut - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek ziekenhuis)
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Abstract
To plan optimal management in a patient with breast cancer (BC), accurate baseline staging and early detection and staging of recurrence are necessary.1-3 Representatives from the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) and the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) recently published the joint European-American guidelines on the role of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG-PET/CT) in no special type (NST) BC, endorsed by several other imaging and clinical societies: the American College of Radiology (ACR), European Society of Surgical Oncology, European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO), European Society of Breast Imaging, European Society of Radiology, and European Society of Breast Cancer Specialists (EUSOMA).1 Considering the low [18F]FDG-avidity in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC), the EANM-SNMMI guidelines focused on NST BC. Guidelines from clinical societies such as the American National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN),4 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO),5-7 and Advanced Breast Cancer (ABC) international consensus guidelines8 also evaluate imaging techniques, but they include all histological subtypes of BC. There is a lack of consistency in the optimal utilization of [18F]FDG-PET/CT among published guidelines. This manuscript summarizes available evidence, emphasizes the value of [18F]FDG-PET/CT for staging and restaging of patients with BC, and highlights agreements and discrepancies among international guidelines.