Leading Psychologically Safe Digitally Enabled Project Teams

Journal Article (2026)
Author(s)

Eleni Papadonikolaki (TU Delft - Integral Design & Management)

Bethan Morgan (Digital Outlook)

Research Group
Integral Design & Management
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1177/87569728251362760 Final published version
More Info
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Publication Year
2026
Language
English
Research Group
Integral Design & Management
Journal title
Project Management Journal
Issue number
2
Volume number
57
Pages (from-to)
170-187
Downloads counter
187
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Abstract

Using a human-centric view, this work investigates how digitalization impacts the human and social capital of projects beyond task orientation. How do leaders nurture psychological safety—encouraging interpersonal risk-taking—to support digitalization, fostering creativity, learning and growth? Through empirical research with interviews, focus groups, and soft systems methodology, we identified six factors conducive to psychological safety in digitally enabled projects: adaptability, learning, communication, organizational development, technology, and workplace. The findings revealed a threefold role for leadership in developing innovative and highly collaborative project teams: strategic leadership, horizontal leadership, and project leadership, positioning human and social capital at the core of digitalization in projects.