Sagrada Familia, Gaudí and the Christian Spirituality
Gaudí’s design language of Sagrada Familia enriched Christian spirituality during its early construction (1883-1926)
H.N. Ip (TU Delft - Architecture and the Built Environment)
E.P.N. Schreurs – Mentor (TU Delft - Architecture and the Built Environment)
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Abstract
This thesis explored the proposition that Antoni Gaudí's design of the Sagrada Família enriched Christian spirituality during its formative construction period. While a multitude of architectural scholars acknowledged the unique design language and technical marvel of the cathedral. A critical gap is present in understanding how its design engendered and impacted spiritual experiences, religious practices, and communal dynamics. The purpose of the essay is to elucidate the principles through which the Sagrada Família acted as a catalyst for spiritual growth and transformation within a burgeoning secular society.
Christian Spirituality is conceptualised as 4 constructs: (1) belief systems, (2) practices, (3) experiential elements, and (4) community dynamics. Each of these domains is assessed in accordance to the construction, design themes, symbolism and the architectural language. A combination of academic scholarship of Christian spirituality and architectural history is integrated into this paper. Archival materials of photographs, drawings and media records offered insightful opinions into historical events and opinions regarding the Sagrada Familia. These sources depicted overlooked elements such as ornaments, details, etc, bringing a nuanced perspective to the underrepresented history.
The methodology started with the statement that Gaudí’s design reinforces the core aspect of the Christian belief, including the doctrine of the Trinity. Study on the Nativity and Passion facades, arrangement of towers, thus other symbolic elements that circle around the concept of the Trinity.
Apart from the doctrine, the Sagrada Familia also promoted religious practice. The expansion of scale in different parts of the cathedral increases the capacity of the services. The addition of the crypt introduced a modest design for all worshippers. The combination of these factors enhanced and elevated the experience of spirituality.
Experiential qualities were achieved through evoking fear and awe. The physical dimensions, usage of light and nature-inspired design instilled a sense of reverence and mystery to its visitors.
Lastly, the connection of the cathedral with the surrounding communities is elevated through fellowships and traditions. In many ways the Sagrada Familia was accessible to all social classes and facilitated people of diverse backgrounds to worship. In all, the architecture was an embodiment of Faith and the gospel.