Metal-organic and covalent organic frameworks as single-site catalysts
S.M.J. Rogge (Universiteit Gent)
Anastasiya Bavykina (TU Delft - ChemE/Catalysis Engineering)
Julianna Hajek (Universiteit Gent)
H Garcia (Universitat Politécnica de Valencia)
Alma Olivos Suarez (TU Delft - ChemE/Catalysis Engineering)
A. Sepúlveda-Escribano (University of Alicante)
A. Vimont (ENSICAEN Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Ingenieurs de Caen)
G Clet (ENSICAEN Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Ingenieurs de Caen)
P. Bazin (ENSICAEN Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Ingenieurs de Caen)
Freek Kapteijn (TU Delft - ChemE/Catalysis Engineering)
Marco Daturi (ENSICAEN Ecole Nationale Superieure d'Ingenieurs de Caen)
E.V. Ramos-Fernandez (University of Alicante)
FX Llabres i Xamena (Universitat Politécnica de Valencia)
V Van Speybroeck (Universiteit Gent)
Jorge Gascon (TU Delft - ChemE/Catalysis Engineering)
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Abstract
Heterogeneous single-site catalysts consist of isolated, well-defined, active sites that are spatially separated in a given solid and, ideally, structurally identical. In this review, the potential of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as platforms for the development of heterogeneous single-site catalysts is reviewed thoroughly. In the first part of this article, synthetic strategies and progress in the implementation of such sites in these two classes of materials are discussed. Because these solids are excellent playgrounds to allow a better understanding of catalytic functions, we highlight the most important recent advances in the modelling and spectroscopic characterization of single-site catalysts based on these materials. Finally, we discuss the potential of MOFs as materials in which several single-site catalytic functions can be combined within one framework along with their potential as powerful enzyme-mimicking materials. The review is wrapped up with our personal vision on future research directions.
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