Wing ratio effect on the failure mechanism and uplift behaviour of helical anchors in sand
Hamed Nuri (Iran University of Science and Technology)
Hossein Salehzadeh (Iran University of Science and Technology)
Ali Akbar Heshmati Rafsanjani (Iran University of Science and Technology)
Cristina de Hollanda Cavalcanti Tsuha (Universidade de São Paulo)
Amin Askarinejad (TU Delft - Civil Engineering & Geosciences)
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Abstract
Helical anchors are load-resisting elements, installed vertically or inclined to resist uplift or combined loads. The geometry of these anchors significantly impacts their uplift resistance. Wing Ratio (i.e. helix diameter/shaft diameter) is a notable aspect of anchor geometry because of its influence on installation requirements and uplift capacity. This study is aimed at exploring the impact of WR on anchor uplift capacity and failure mechanisms. Through a series of centrifuge tests on small-scale half-models of helical anchors, it was observed that increasing WR led to corresponding increase in uplift capacity. However, this was accompanied by decrease in both peak helix pressure (peak uplift capacity/helix area) and the breakout factor Nqu, indicating reduced load-bearing efficiency. This decline is attributed to increased soil disturbance resulting from larger WRs. Additionally, while WR did not influence the formation of failure mechanisms, it exhibited some influence on determining the critical embedment depth in medium-dense sand.