Legal and ethical considerations for demand-driven data collection and AI-based analysis in flood response
Carolin Gilga (University of Kassel)
Christoph Hochwarter (Institute for Empirical Social Research)
Luisa Knoche (German Federal Agency for Technical Relief)
Sebastian Schmidt (University of Salzburg, University Austria)
Gudrun Ringler (Johanniter Österreich Ausbildung und Forschung GmbH)
Marc Wieland (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR))
Bernd Resch (University Austria, University of Salzburg, Harvard University)
Ben Wagner (Hogeschool Inholland, University Austria, TU Delft - Technology, Policy and Management)
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Abstract
During a disaster, the timely provision of customised and relevant data is of utmost importance. In the case of floods, data from remote sensing (satellite-based or airborne) is often used, but in recent years data from social media platforms has also been increasingly utilised. Focusing on these data sources, this study provides an in-depth assessment of requirements by emergency responders. Furthermore, the paper sheds light on the legal and ethical considerations that need to be taken into account during data collection and processing. A particular focus lies on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for data analysis in disaster response. Topics such as privacy preservation and AI-informed decision making are highlighted throughout the paper. The investigation was carried out based on expert interviews with scientists, an extensive literature review, and workshops with emergency responders.
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