The Urban dRain game

Co-developing stormwater management solutions at neighbourhood scale

Journal Article (2025)
Authors

A. Mittal (TU Delft - Water Systems Engineering)

Job van der Werf (TU Delft - Water Systems Engineering)

Lisa Scholten (TU Delft - Policy Analysis)

Zoran Kapelan (TU Delft - Water Systems Engineering)

Research Group
Water Systems Engineering
To reference this document use:
https://doi.org/10.2166/bgs.2025.047
More Info
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Publication Year
2025
Language
English
Research Group
Water Systems Engineering
Issue number
1
Volume number
7
Pages (from-to)
188–209
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.2166/bgs.2025.047
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Abstract

As cities expand and land becomes built over, more rainwater will run off rather than infiltrate or evapo(trans)pirate, increasing the likelihood of urban pluvial flooding. Stormwater management and planning is essential to ensure that urban areas are well adapted to climate change, involving cooperation between diverse actors with their own objectives. Current tools to support decision-making have a narrow technical focus and do not incorporate the multi-actor context. In this paper, we present a serious game called Urban dRain, developed with the aim to integrate technical assessment of blue, green and grey solutions and actor negotiation. In the game, participants are challenged to develop a stormwater management strategy for a Dutch neighbourhood in multiple rounds, first within their own separate groups, and then collectively. We present results from validation and play-testing the final game prototype with 70 students and researchers. Results show that the game supports socio-technical learning by encouraging players to come up with a range of stormwater management plans and negotiate for their individual goals while achieving a collective goal. The game demonstrates potential to bring actors with varying perspectives together and co-develop solutions to pluvial flooding, overcoming limitations of existing technology-focused tools.