Improving the quality of geriatric life by managing water intake

Abstract

Dehydration is a common medical condition in the elderly. This deficit in body water increases the risk of illnesses and mortality. The human body has no way of storing water which makes consistent water intake crucial. Water plays a multifaceted role, from being the medium for all bodily chemical reactions to regulating temperature and ensuring organ functionality. The challenges in the healthcare system emphasise the need for promoting independent ageing. With an increasing gap between the demand for caregivers and their availability, especially in countries like Germany, the healthcare system is on the brink of a crisis. The situation requires the development of solutions that empower the elderly to age independently, reducing the pressure on primary and secondary care systems. A significant observation is the decline in water intake with age. While younger generations have a variety of tools to monitor and motivate water intake, such products often overlook the elderly demographic. This thesis introduces "Daria", a product designed for hydration self-monitoring among the elderly. The primary stakeholder for this project is the elderly population, specifically those above 65 years who live outside care institutions. Context mapping was used to understand the elderly's daily routines and challenges related to fluid intake. Expert interviews provided insights into current medical practices and the nuances of hydration among the elderly. Functional prototyping was key in the design process, allowing for tangible testing and validation of design solutions. Literature research revealed several challenges the elderly face in maintaining optimal hydration levels. Ageing results in a reduced renal concentrating ability, diminishing the kidneys' capacity to retain water. More importantly, a decreased thirst sensation in older individuals often leads to inadequate fluid intake. Other factors, such as urinary incontinence and social isolation, further contribute to hydration difficulties. Various strategies have been explored to enhance hydration among older adults. While many interventions have been conducted in controlled environments like nursing homes, none have focused on home settings. Common strategies include verbal reminders to drink and providing a variety of beverages. In conclusion, "Daria" aims to introduce a new product category to enable hydration monitoring for the elderly. By understanding their unique challenges and habits, this product aspires to motivate them to maintain optimal hydration levels and enhance their overall quality of life.