Structure-property correlation in multi-phase steels by correlative electron back scattered diffraction and nanoindentation mapping

Journal Article (2025)
Author(s)

S. Janakiram (University of Hyderabad)

Harita Seekala (International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New Materials)

Chavan Akash Naik (University of Hyderabad)

S. Chen (Tata Steel Europe Limited)

J. W.H. van Krevel (Tata Steel Europe Limited)

Leo A.I. Kestens (TU Delft - Team Maria Santofimia Navarro, Universiteit Gent)

J. Gautam (University of Hyderabad)

P. Sudharshan Phani (University of Hyderabad)

DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2025.148858 Final published version
More Info
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Publication Year
2025
Language
English
Bibliographical Note
Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/publishing/publisher-deals Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.
Journal title
Materials Science and Engineering: A
Volume number
943
Article number
148858
Downloads counter
146
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Abstract

The current study investigates the microscale mechanical properties of the constituent phases and their influence on the macroscale properties of multi-phase steels with different microstructural constituents. Two steels, a Transformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) and an enhanced ductility Dual Phase (DH) steel were produced in a continuous annealing line (CAL). Optical microscopy and EBSD results were utilized for segmentation of microstructural phase constituents. Macroscale mechanical properties were obtained using tensile testing and microscale properties with nanoindentation mapping. The hardness of each constituent is extracted from the hardness maps using a clustering algorithm. TRIP steel shows a homogeneous distribution of retained austenite in ferrite matrix and a small amount of bainite/martensite which is non-banded. In contrast, DH steel shows heterogeneous microstructures where martensite/bainite/retained austenite is found to be banded in the ferrite matrix. Both steels exhibit notable variations in hardness across their constituent phases, which are associated with the resulting microstructural characteristics. Nanoindentation results show that overall hardness/strength in TRIP steel is contributed from ferrite (66 %), retained austenite (33 %) and martensite/bainite (1 %). Whereas in DH steel, it is contributed from ferrite (55 %), mixture of RA, martensite/bainite (∼40 %) and martensite (∼5 %). The macroscopic behavior of TRIP and DH steels was explained and discussed using the rule of mixtures in conjunction with the microscopic properties of individual phases.

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