A simple model for complex technology
Introducing and testing a framework to understand acceptance of shared automated vehicles
Ole Aasvik (Institute of Transport Economics)
Pål Ulleberg (Universitetet i Oslo)
Marjan Hagenzieker (TU Delft - Traffic Systems Engineering)
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Abstract
Shared automated vehicles (SAVs) may transform urban mobility but face strong public resistance. Existing acceptance research is fragmented and often relies on complex frameworks. We introduce a simplified shared automated vehicle acceptance (SAVA) model, identifying trust, utility and social comfort as core predictors of SAV acceptance. Using structural equation modelling, we tested whether these factors form a general acceptance factor (GAF) or operate as distinct but correlated predictors of intention to use. A 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design further assessed whether targeted informational interventions could increase trust, utility and social comfort. Monte Carlo-based power analyses indicated a minimum of 800 participants to detect small effects (Cohen's f = 0.20) with 80% power at α = 0.05; we recruited 1250 respondents after data cleaning, ensuring adequate power. Results show that trust, utility and social comfort are best modelled as distinct but correlated constructs, implying rather than establishing a GAF. Utility exerted the strongest effect. Experimental manipulations had no significant impact, suggesting stronger interventions are needed to shift acceptance. The SAVA model provides a parsimonious, testable framework explaining intention to use SAVs. This recommended registered report advances theory and offers practical insights for policymakers and providers seeking to improve SAV acceptance.
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