Recovery of Precious-Metal Electrodes from Ablation Catheters via Hydrothermal Liquefaction
A.H.G. Hilker (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)
T. Horeman – Mentor (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)
Luis Cutz – Mentor (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)
Bart van Straten – Mentor (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)
A. Hunt – Graduation committee member (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)
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Abstract
This study investigates sustainable recycling methods for cardiac ablation catheters, which contain precious-metal electrodes classified as critical raw materials. Recycling these devices is challenging due to their complex material composition and the presence of highly resistant polymers such as PEEK.
The research evaluates different recycling methods and identifies hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) as the most promising approach for polymer removal. HTL was selected because it can remove resistant polymers while minimizing hazardous emissions and preserving the valuable metal electrodes. Experimental testing focused on optimizing solvent systems and operating conditions for effective removal of PEEK.
Results show that HTL successfully removes resistant polymers and enables recovery of physically intact precious-metal electrodes from Johnson & Johnson’s ThermoCool SmartTouch catheter tips. Surface analysis using scanning electron microscopy and elemental mapping revealed limited contamination after polymer removal. Additionally, ultrasonic cleaning significantly improved electrode cleanliness.
Overall, the findings suggest that combining HTL with ultrasonic cleaning is a promising method for recycling cardiac catheter tips. Further work is needed to validate electrode quality, optimize residue removal, and assess large-scale implementation for practical reuse.
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File under embargo until 11-06-2028