Color Maps
Facilitating the Clinical Impact of Quantitative MRI
Nico Sollmann (Technische Universität München, University Hospital Ulm)
Miha Fuderer ( University Medical Centre Utrecht)
Fabio Crameri (Undertone.design)
Sebastian Weingärtner (TU Delft - Applied Sciences, TU Delft - ImPhys/Computational Imaging)
Bettina Baeßler (Universitätsklinikum Würzburg)
Vikas Gulani (University of Michigan Medical School)
Kathryn E. Keenan (National Institute of Standards and Technology)
Stefano Mandija ( University Medical Centre Utrecht)
Xavier Golay (University College London, Bioxydyn Limited, Gold Standard Phantoms)
Nandita M. deSouza (The Institute of Cancer Research , Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust)
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Abstract
Presenting quantitative data using non-standardized color maps potentially results in unrecognized misinterpretation of data. Clinically meaningful color maps should intuitively and inclusively represent data without misleading interpretation. Uniformity of the color gradient for color maps is critically important. Maximal color and lightness contrast, readability for color vision-impaired individuals, and recognizability of the color scheme are highly desirable features. This article describes the use of color maps in five key quantitative MRI techniques: relaxometry, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI, MR elastography (MRE), and water-fat MRI. Current display practice of color maps is reviewed and shortcomings against desirable features are highlighted. Evidence Level: 5. Technical Efficacy: Stage 2.
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