Fiber-Optic Pedicle Probes to Advance Spine Surgery through Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy
M.S. Losch (TU Delft - Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology)
J.D. Heintz (Student TU Delft)
Erik Edström (Karolinska Institutet, Capio Spine Center)
Adrian Elmi Terander (Karolinska Institutet, Capio Spine Center)
J Dankelman (TU Delft - Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology)
Bernardus H.W. Hendriks (TU Delft - Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology)
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Abstract
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) can provide tissue feedback for pedicle screw placement in spine surgery, yet the integration of fiber optics into the tip of the pedicle probe, a device used to pierce through bone, is challenging, since the optical probing depth and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are affected negatively compared to those of a blunt DRS probe. Through Monte Carlo simulations and optical phantom experiments, we show how differences in the shape of the instrument tip influence the acquired spectrum. Our findings demonstrate that a single bevel with an angle of 30∘ offers a solution to anticipate cortical breaches during pedicle screw placement. Compared to a blunt probe, the optical probing depth and SNR of a cone tip are reduced by 50%. The single bevel tip excels with 75% of the optical probing depth and a SNR remaining at approximately ⅔, facilitating the construction of a surgical instrument with integrated DRS.
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