Combining fixed-path and free-range AGV routing on a container terminal
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Abstract
Terminals are encouraged to redesign their operations to facilitate future growth of container freight. Routing of Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) can contribute significantly to this trend. Traditional routing, as implemented in real-life terminals, uses a topology of paths. To improve flexibility and scalability of the AGV system, a promising control method is already proposed in literature that does not require a topology of paths: free-ranging. For local control methods, problems are expected to rise near the cranes where the risk of deadlocks is high due to crowding. A new routing type is proposed in this paper that is aims to combine the benefits of free-range and traditional routing: mixed routing. A topology of paths is implemented near the quay cranes (QCs) to guide the AGV flow, the rest of the terminal is a free-range zone.
This study compares traditional, free-range and mixed routing on both routing- and terminal performance for several QC capacities.