Performance and recovery of a completely separated partial nitritation and anammox process treating phenol-containing wastewater
Wei Wang (Hefei University of Technology, University of Science and Technology of China)
Chao Pang (Hefei University of Technology)
Julian D. Muñoz Sierra (TU Delft - Sanitary Engineering, KWR Water Research Institute)
Zhenhu Hu (Hefei University of Technology)
Xuesong Ren (Hefei University of Technology)
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Abstract
Anammox process is considered as a promising technology for removing total nitrogen from low-strength ammonium and phenol-containing wastewater. However, it is still a challenge for the anammox process to treat high-strength ammonium and phenol-containing wastewater. A completely separated partial nitritation and anammox (CSPN/A) process was developed to remove total nitrogen from high-strength phenol-containing wastewater. About 92% of COD, 100% of phenol, and 82.4% of total nitrogen were successfully removed at a NH4 +-N concentration of 200 mg L−1 with a phenol/NH4 +-N mass ratio of 0.5 in the CSPN/A process. Furthermore, a shock loading of 300 mg phenol L−1 with a phenol/NH4 +-N mass ratio of 1.5 led to a complete failure of partial nitritation, but the performance was rapidly recovered by the increase of NH4 +-N concentration. Although the activities of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria were severely inhibited at a phenol/NH4 +-N mass ratio of 1.5, the enrichment of efficient phenol degraders in the CSPN stage could strengthen the performance robustness of partial nitritation and anammox process. Therefore, this study presented a new insight on the feasibility of the anammox process for treating high-strength ammonium and phenol-containing wastewater.
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