Circular construction
Six key recommendations
Arnold Tukker (TNO, Universiteit Leiden)
Paul Behrens (Universiteit Leiden)
Sebastiaan Deetman (Universiteit Leiden)
Mingming Hu (Universiteit Leiden)
Elizabeth Migoni Alejandre (TU Delft - Environmental Technology and Design, Universiteit Leiden)
Marc van der Meide (Universiteit Leiden)
Xiaoyang Zhong (Universiteit Leiden, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis)
Chunbo Zhang (University College London, Universiteit Leiden)
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Abstract
In terms of mass, construction materials and construction and demolition waste make up the largest part of humankind's material and waste footprints, particularly after an energy transition has largely phased out fossil energy. However, a circular use of building and construction materials is fraught with challenges.