A Systematic Review on Risk-Based Frameworks for Scour-Prone Bridges
Raj Kamal Arora (TU Delft - Civil Engineering & Geosciences)
Maria Pregnolato (TU Delft - Civil Engineering & Geosciences, University of Bristol)
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Abstract
Floods are a major cause of bridge failures worldwide, exerting direct forces (hydrodynamic and hydrostatic) and indirect effects such as scour. Scour can critically undermines a bridge’s load-bearing capacity and increase failure risk. Accurately assessing the vulnerability of each bridge in a network is essential to prioritize interventions and reduce risk. This study presents a systematic review of existing research on risk-based approaches for evaluating flood-induced scour. Using Rayyan software, the retrieved studies were selected, screened and analyzed in terms of authorship, citations, publication year, bridge and hazard types, and geographical scope. The papers were then categorized by their methodology, with a detailed review of each approach. Special attention is given to recent advances integrating climate change considerations and sensor data into scour risk assessments. Finally, the review highlights emerging research directions and promising studies that could further advance the field. Overall, this paper synthesizes the current state of knowledge and identifies opportunities to strengthen future risk assessment frameworks for flood-prone bridges.
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