Interface-enriched generalized finite element method for the coupled hydro-mechanical analysis of piecewise homogeneous porous media

Journal Article (2026)
Author(s)

Pouriya Pirmoradi (Eindhoven University of Technology)

Alejandro M. Aragón (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)

Payam Poorsolhjouy (Eindhoven University of Technology)

Akke S.J. Suiker (Eindhoven University of Technology)

Research Group
Computational Design and Mechanics
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2026.108165 Final published version
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Publication Year
2026
Language
English
Research Group
Computational Design and Mechanics
Journal title
Computers and Geotechnics
Volume number
197
Article number
108165
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Abstract

An Interface-enriched Generalized Finite Element Method (IGFEM) is proposed for the coupled hydro-mechanical analysis of deformable, saturated porous media consisting of distinct, perfectly bonded material phases. The spatial discretization of the momentum balance equation and storage equation is derived using IGFEM, followed by the time discretization of these equations via the generalized Newmark method. This leads to a fully coupled system of nonlinear equations, which is solved iteratively using a monolithic update scheme. The IGFEM formulation is proficient in accurately capturing weak discontinuities in both the solid phase displacement field and the fluid phase pressure field at material interfaces, by placing enriched nodes directly on these interfaces. Several numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed IGFEM formulation not only matches the accuracy of standard FEM with a conformal mesh, but also outperforms the eXtended/Generalized Finite Element Method (XFEM/GFEM). Moreover, it can accurately capture complex, non-planar interfaces without requiring mesh alignment, highlighting the method's flexibility and robustness for practical hydro-mechanical analyses of porous media with geometrically intricate boundaries. Overall, IGFEM provides a highly accurate and efficient approach for solving transient coupled problems involving material interfaces.