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Highly efficient CO2 electroreduction to formate using Bismuth nanodots within ZIF-8 scaffold

Journal Article (2025)
Author(s)

Muhammad Usman (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals)

Munzir H. Suliman (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals)

M. Abdinejad (TU Delft - ChemE/Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage)

J.J. Kok (TU Delft - ChemE/Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage)

Hussain Al Naji (Saudi Aramco)

Aasif Helal (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals)

Zain H. Yamani (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals)

Gabriele Centi (University of Messina)

Research Group
ChemE/Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100450
More Info
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Publication Year
2025
Language
English
Research Group
ChemE/Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage
Volume number
16
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Abstract

Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) based electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction offer unique possibilities for developing advanced materials for this reaction due to their ordered nanoporosity and pore environments, tunable characteristics and high affinity for CO2. Still, they were not investigated sufficiently. In this study, we developed a Bismuth nanodots embedded Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (BND-ZIF-8) electrocatalyst via a one-pot synthesis method for the electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (eCO₂RR). Comprehensive spectroscopic and electrochemical characterization confirmed the successful integration of Bismuth into the ZIF-8 matrix. The electrocatalytic performance of the BND-ZIF-8 was assessed in multiple reactor typologies such as H-cell, flow cell, and membrane electrode assembly (MEA) setups. Remarkable differences in the performances in the three cell configurations are evidenced. Notably, the MEA configuration exhibited a marked enhancement in formate selectivity, achieving a Faradic efficiency (FE) of up to 91 % at a current density of −150 mA cm‒². This work underscores the potential of Bi-ZIF-8 in advancing eCO₂RR while remarking on the crucial importance of the appropriate type of electrocatalytic experiments in assessing the material performance.