Using Simulator-to-Seismic 3D Modelling to evaluate a monitoring strategy for CO2 storage in shallow-water siliciclastic reservoirs
P. Sales (Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. (Petrobras), University of Oxford)
C. Nunes (Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. (Petrobras), Heriot-Watt University)
F. Lira (TU Delft - Applied Geology, Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. (Petrobras))
M. Erdtmann (Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. (Petrobras), TU Delft - Reservoir Engineering)
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Abstract
Disused oil and gas reservoirs and saline aquifers are promising candidates for Carbon Dioxide (CO2) storage, which is key for reducing emissions to the atmosphere. Ensuring safe storage of CO2 requires a thorough assessment of leakage risks and cap rock efficiency, along with continuous monitoring of stress field changes through seismic data. In Brazil, shallow-water, sandstone-rich aquifers near industrial hubs present strong potential for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). The Ponta Aguda deep saline formation, located in the Santos Basin, represents a gigaton-scale storage resource that could support CO2 storage hubs in the country’s most industrialized region. However, challenges remain in reservoir geomechanics and high-resolution seismic monitoring due to environmental legislation restrictions, complicating predictive modeling efforts. To address these challenges, this study employs simulator-to-seismic modeling, integrating static and dynamic reservoir properties. Fluid substitution was applied to model the elastic properties of CO2-saturated rocks, and a Petro-elastic Model (PEM) was designed to capture pressure and saturation effects. A 3D convolution modeling approach using point-spread functions (PSFs) was then implemented to enhance seismic resolution while accounting for acquisition geometry and overburden effects. This methodology aims to optimize monitoring strategies, reduce uncertainty, and ensure the long-term environmental safety of CO2 storage projects.