Holistic bow-tie model of meaningful human control over effective systems
Towards a dynamic balance of humans and AI-based systems within our global society and environment
Frank Flemisch (Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics FKIE, RWTH Aachen University)
Marcel Baltzer (Fraunhofer)
David Abbink (TU Delft - Human-Robot Interaction)
L. Cavalcante Siebert (TU Delft - Interactive Intelligence)
Jurriaan van Diggelen (TNO, DIANA FEA )
Nicolas Daniel Herzberger (Fraunhofer FKIE)
Mark Draper
Michael Boardman
Marie Pierre Pacaux-Lemoine (Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut Cambrésis, Université Polytechnique Hauts de France)
Joscha Wasser (Fraunhofer FKIE)
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Abstract
While Meaningful Human Control (MHC) is at the very heart of the Edward Elgar research handbook, this specific chapter addresses the questions how MHC is rooted in the history of human artefacts and human-machine systems, how it is related to the term control, ability, responsibility, authority, autonomy and finally accountability. The chapter sketches, step by step, a holistic, cybernetic model of the most important relationships between MHC and its related concepts interconnected over this holistic big picture map. Starting point are existing control systems and their evolution through history, followed by the interrelationship between the small-scale human-machine or human-AI system, and the increasingly bigger system of systems, organizations, societies and our global environment. The goal of this bow-tie shaped system map is to enable a better balance between global and local perspectives, and therefore enable a more efficient and better design, engineering and evaluation of such systems.