Transforming Circular Economy Thinking Using the Forest as a Metaphor

Journal Article (2025)
Authors

Emma H.E. Fromberg (TU Delft - Design for Sustainability, The University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership, Cambridge)

C. A. Bakker (TU Delft - Design for Sustainability)

David Peck (TU Delft - Environmental & Climate Design, Estonian Business School)

Research Group
Design for Sustainability
To reference this document use:
https://doi.org/10.3390/su17051858
More Info
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Publication Year
2025
Language
English
Research Group
Design for Sustainability
Issue number
5
Volume number
17
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3390/su17051858
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Abstract

Current circular economy discourse is largely shaped by metaphors similar to the ones used for a linear economy: the machine metaphor, competitive metaphor and the journey metaphor. Metaphors influence patterns of thought, what ideas and solutions are valued (and which are not). Therefore, if a radical economic change is desired, it is important to explore which radically different metaphors could inform this thinking. This study explores the use of the forest as a source domain to enrich circular economy discourse. First, through a qualitative enquiry, intuitive knowledge about a forest is mapped out. Then, circular economy experts were asked to project these insights onto circular economy discourse. The results are presented as practical subdomains that can be applied within design, business and educational contexts. The findings show rich insights related to dealing with wholeness, the importance of relationship, and response to change. The Results Section presents concrete prompts for activating these source domains and applying these as a prompt for ideation. This research contributes to circular economy education by using metaphors derived from nature as a tool for reflection and novel circular economy conceptualisations.