Key Components for Potential Sustainable Vehicle-to-Grid Business Models within the Netherlands

A qualitative research to explore the components for sustainable Vehicle-to-Grid business models by conducting semi-structured expert-interviews

Master thesis (2020)

Authors

E. Başer Technology, Policy and Management

Contributors

G.P. van Wee Transport and Logistics - TPM (coach)
J.A. Annema Transport and Logistics - TPM (supervisor 1)
I. Bouwmans Energy and Industry (supervisor 1)
R. Ghotge Energy Technology - Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering (supervisor 1)
Esther van Bergen (supervisor 1)
Faculty
Technology, Policy and Management
Copyright: © 2020 Enes Başer
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Published Date

19-08-2020

Language

English

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Faculty

Technology, Policy and Management

Abstract

The shifts towards more use of electric vehicles and more use of renewable energy sources create the need for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology. To penetrate the market, the development of V2G business models is critical. However, there are no sustainable V2G business models determined yet. Therefore, this research focused on what the key components are for such business models focusing on the Netherlands. By applying a qualitative approach, this study analyzed the actor's environment, technological developments, and three cases. After that, semi-structured interviews were conducted interviewing eleven experts with regards to the development of sustainable V2G business models. The results showed that there are three themes (business environment, business model, sustainability), twenty-six categories, and 229 components. This research provided an overview of the key components in a business model framework categorized into three use cases: Public V2G charging, V2G for homeowners (Vehicle-to-Home), and V2G for office/building owners (Vehicle-to-Building). The results showed that the business environment is vital and that the Dutch market is at the moment not ready for V2G to be commercial because of institutional, technical, and standardization issues. However, there is also potential due to the increasing trend of EVs, increasing grid congestion, decreasing costs of V2G charging infrastructure, and other trends.