Frequency-scanning nonlinearity suppression for FSI ranging based on a phenomenological modeling approach

Journal Article (2026)
Author(s)

Zhongwen Deng (Xidian University)

Wenjun Chen (Xidian University)

Xiawei Meng (Chang'an University)

Xin Yao (Chinese Academy of Sciences - Xi'an)

Lin Li (Beijing Institute of Control Engineering)

Hengkang Zhang (Beijing Institute of Control Engineering)

Hai Gong (HIO Technology)

Xiaoping Li (Xidian University)

Gleb Vdovin (Harbin Institute of Technology, TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering)

More Authors (External organisation)

Research Group
Team Raf Van de Plas
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.595572 Final published version
More Info
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Publication Year
2026
Language
English
Research Group
Team Raf Van de Plas
Journal title
Optics Express
Issue number
8
Volume number
34
Pages (from-to)
15406-15422
Downloads counter
23
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Abstract

Frequency-scanning nonlinearity fundamentally limits the ranging precision of frequency-scanning interferometry (FSI) systems based on external cavity diode lasers (ECDLs). To address this limitation, a frequency scanning nonlinearity suppression method based on a rate-dependent asymmetric Prandtl–Ishlinskii (RA-PI) model is proposed. By employing, for the first time, a phenomenological modeling approach, the rate-dependent and asymmetric nonlinear optical frequency response of the ECDL is accurately characterized. An inverse RA-PI model is derived and implemented as a feedforward compensator to linearize the frequency scanning. Experimental results show that the frequency-scanning linearity is improved by approximately one order of magnitude. Consequently, the maximum standard deviation of absolute distance measurements is reduced from 58.25 µm to 9.79 µm, and the maximum relative displacement deviation decreases from 42.97 µm to 11.56 µm. Furthermore, the velocity measurement precision for dynamic targets is improved by a factor of 2.61 to 5.75.