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Disinfection methods for swimming pool water

Byproduct formation and control

Review (2018)
Author(s)

Huma Ilyas (Water Treatment and Management Consultancy)

Ilyas Masih (IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Water Treatment and Management Consultancy)

Jan Peter Van Der Hoek (Strategic Centre, TU Delft - Sanitary Engineering)

Research Group
Sanitary Engineering
Copyright
© 2018 Huma Ilyas, Ilyas Masih, J.P. van der Hoek
DOI related publication
https://doi.org/10.3390/w10060797
More Info
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Publication Year
2018
Language
English
Copyright
© 2018 Huma Ilyas, Ilyas Masih, J.P. van der Hoek
Research Group
Sanitary Engineering
Issue number
6
Volume number
10
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Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive and critical comparison of 10 disinfection methods of swimming pool water: chlorination, electrochemically generated mixed oxidants (EGMO), ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, UV/chlorine, UV/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), UV/H2O2/chlorine, ozone (O3)/chlorine, O3/H2O2/chlorine, O3/UV and O3/UV/chlorine for the formation, control and elimination of potentially toxic disinfection byproducts (DBPs): trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), trihaloacetaldehydes (THAs) and chloramines (CAMs). The statistical comparison is carried out using data on 32 swimming pools accumulated from the reviewed studies. The results indicate that O3/UV and O3/UV/chlorine are the most promising methods, as the concentration of the studied DBPs (THMs and HANs) with these methods was reduced considerably compared with chlorination, EGMO, UV irradiation, UV/chlorine and O3/chlorine. However, the concentration of the studied DBPs including HAAs and CAMs remained much higher with O3/chlorine compared with the limits set by the WHO for drinking water quality. Moreover, the enhancement in the formation of THMs, HANs and CH with UV/chlorine compared with UV irradiation and the increase in the level of HANs with O3/UV/chlorine compared with O3/UV indicate the complexity of the combined processes, which should be optimized to control the toxicity and improve the quality of swimming pool water.