Assessment of excavation-related hazards and design of mitigation measures
C. di Prisco (Politecnico di Milano)
C. Callari (University of Molise)
M. Barbero (Politecnico di Torino)
E. Bilotta (Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II)
G. Russo (Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II)
D. Boldini (Sapienza University of Rome)
A. Desideri (Sapienza University of Rome)
L. Flessati (Politecnico di Milano)
A. Graziani (University of Roma Tre)
A. Luciani (SWS Engineering)
A. Meda (University of Rome Tor Vergata)
M. Pescara (Tunnel Consult)
G. Plizzari (Università di Brescia)
G. Tiberti (Università di Brescia)
A. Sciotti (Italferr S.p.A.)
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Abstract
This chapter is devoted to the presentation of the most popular approaches employed to design mitigation measures. Initially, the mitigation measures necessary for a safe excavation and a permanent cavity stabilization are considered. Subsequently, the observational method, a design procedure aimed at optimizing the management of the unavoidable geological and geotechnical uncertainties affecting both tunnel design and construction, is presented. Finally, the long-term tunnel performance under accidental loads is discussed.