Imaging PPG for In Vivo Human Tissue Perfusion Assessment during Surgery
M. Lai (Philips Research, Eindhoven University of Technology)
S. D. van der Stel (Nederlands Kanker Instituut - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek ziekenhuis, University of Twente)
Harald C. Groen (Nederlands Kanker Instituut - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek ziekenhuis)
M. van Gastel (Eindhoven University of Technology, Philips Research)
K. F.D. Kuhlmann (Nederlands Kanker Instituut - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek ziekenhuis)
T.J.M. Ruers (Nederlands Kanker Instituut - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek ziekenhuis, University of Twente)
B. H.W. Hendriks (Philips Research, TU Delft - Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology)
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Abstract
Surgical excision is the golden standard for treatment of intestinal tumors. In this surgical procedure, inadequate perfusion of the anastomosis can lead to postoperative complications, such as anastomotic leakages. Imaging photoplethysmography (iPPG) can potentially provide objective and real-time feedback of the perfusion status of tissues. This feasibility study aims to evaluate an iPPG acquisition system during intestinal surgeries to detect the perfusion levels of the microvasculature tissue bed in different perfusion conditions. This feasibility study assesses three patients that underwent resection of a portion of the small intestine. Data was acquired from fully perfused, non-perfused and anastomosis parts of the intestine during different phases of the surgical procedure. Strategies for limiting motion and noise during acquisition were implemented. iPPG perfusion maps were successfully extracted from the intestine microvasculature, demonstrating that iPPG can be successfully used for detecting perturbations and perfusion changes in intestinal tissues during surgery. This study provides proof of concept for iPPG to detect changes in organ perfusion levels.
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