Aerosol production during autopsies
The risk of sawing in bone
Jip M.E. Pluim (Student TU Delft, Nederlands Forensisch Instituut (NFI))
Lucas Jimenez-Bou (Nederlands Forensisch Instituut (NFI))
Reza R.R. Gerretsen (Nederlands Forensisch Instituut (NFI))
Arjo J. Loeve (TU Delft - Mechanical Engineering, Co van Ledden Hulsebosch Center for Forensic Science and Medicine)
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Abstract
When sawing during autopsies on human remains, fine dust is produced, which consists of particles of sizes that may fall within the human respirable range, and can act as vectors for pathogens. The goal of this study was to explore the potential effects of saw blade frequency and saw blade contact load on the number and size of airborne bone particles produced. The methodology involved the use of an oscillating saw with variable saw blade frequencies and different saw blade contact loads on dry human femora. Released airborne particles were counted per diameter by a particle counter inside a closed and controlled environment. Results corroborated with the hypotheses: higher frequencies or lower contact loads resulted in higher numbers of aerosol particles produced. However, it was found that even in the best-case scenario tested on dry bone, the number of aerosol particles produced was still high enough to provide a potential health risk to the forensic practitioners. Protective breathing gear such as respirators and biosafety protocols are recommended to be put into practice to protect forensic practitioners from acquiring pathologies, or from other biological hazards when performing autopsies.