Integration of closed-loop surface-related multiple estimation and full wavefield migration for shallow water

Abstract

Reliably estimating primary reflections in a shallow-water scenario remains a challenge. Therefore, we introduce the integration of closed-loop surface-related multiple estimation (CL-SRME) and full wavefield migration (FWM). Multiples present in the seismic data can help infill the acquisition imprint of the FWM image. With the image as constraint, we are capable of reconstructing the data at smaller offsets, which is crucial for CL-SRME. Therefore, in the proposed framework, we use the image to back-project the information from multiples to primaries with the physical constraint of all information belonging to the same earth model. We utilize a cascaded approach, which first involves reconstructing incomplete data via FWM and then uses the fully-sampled reconstructed data as the desired input for CL-SRME. Applications to both synthetic and field data demonstrate the good performance of the proposed framework in a shallow-water scenario.