Curved concrete crownwalls on vertical breakwaters under impulsive wave load
Finite Element Analysis
Lára M. Gísladóttir (TU Delft - Coastal Engineering)
Myrta Castellino (Sapienza University of Rome)
Dimitris Dermentzoglou (TU Delft - Coastal Engineering)
M. A.N. Hendriks (TU Delft - Engineering Structures)
Paolo De Girolamo (Sapienza University of Rome)
Marcel Van Gent (Deltares, TU Delft - Coastal Engineering)
Alessandro Antonini (TU Delft - Coastal Engineering)
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Abstract
Curved concrete crownwalls are commonly installed on vertical breakwaters in deep water to mitigate wave overtopping. This study compares the hydraulic and structural performance of fully curved and recurved crownwalls under impulsive wave loads induced by non-breaking waves, known as Confined-Crest Impact. Using one-way coupled numerical simulations in OpenFOAM and structural analyses in DIANA FEA, we assess the pressure fields and structural responses of the two geometries. Results reveal that while the fully curved crownwall significantly reduces overtopping, it experiences wave forces up to 2.5 times greater than the recurved crownwall, along with longer pressure impulse durations, leading to amplified tensile stresses and higher risk of cracking. In contrast, the recurved crownwall, despite localized peak pressures, benefits from a broader cross-section and linear stress distribution, resulting in better structural performance. These findings underscore the importance of integrating dynamic structural analysis in crownwall design to balance hydraulic efficiency with structural resilience.
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