Skid resistance assessment of wet asphalt runways by coupling finite element simulation with real texture evolution data

Abstract

Adequate runway friction capacity during aircraft landing is crucial for flight safety. Accurately evaluating skid resistance under realistic service conditions remains a key challenge for maintaining flight safety. This study proposes a comprehensive skid resistance evaluation method that integrates laboratory testing with finite element simulation. A refined tire-pavement-fluid coupled model was developed, incorporating measured and series-generated worn texture data as key geometric boundary conditions in numerical analysis. The coupled effects of runway texture state, tire kinematics, and water film thickness on skid resistance were systematically investigated. Results suggest that runway macrotexture plays a vital role in maintaining skid resistance, with Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) mixtures providing superior skid resistance compared to Asphalt Concrete (AC) mixtures. As runway wear progresses, the combined influence of high speed and thick water films significantly increases the risk of hydroplaning and extends braking distance. This study highlights the significant effects of speed, water film thickness, and texture evolution on runway friction, offering theoretical guidance for material selection and safety evaluation of airport pavements.