Title
How to Recognize and Explain Bidding Strategies in Negotiation Support Systems
Author
Koeman, Vincent J. (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam)
Hindriks, K.V. (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) 
Gratch, Jonathan (University of Southern California)
Jonker, C.M. (TU Delft Interactive Intelligence; Universiteit Leiden)
Contributor
Aydoğan, Reyhan (editor)
Ito, Takayuki (editor)
Moustafa, Ahmed (editor)
Otsuka, Takanobu (editor)
Zhang, Minjie (editor)
Date
2021
Abstract
Effective use of negotiation support systems depends on the systems capability of explaining itself to the user. This paper introduces the notion of an explanation matrix and an aberration detection mechanism for bidding strategies. The aberration detection is a mechanism that detects if one of the negotiating parties deviates from their expected behaviour, i.e. when a bid falls outside the range of expected behaviour for a specific strategy. The explanation matrix is used when to explain which aberrations to the user. The idea is that the user, when understanding the aberration, can take effective action to deal with the aberration. We implemented our aberration detection and our explanation mechanisms in the Pocket Negotiator (PN). We evaluated our work experimentally in a task in which participants are asked to identify their opponent’s bidding strategy, under different explanation conditions. As the number of correct guesses increases with explanations, indirectly, these experiments show the effectiveness of our aberration detection mechanism. Our experiments with over 100 participants show that suggesting consistent strategies is more effective than explaining why observed behaviour is inconsistent. An extended abstract of this article can be found in [15].
Subject
Bidding strategies
Explanation
Negotiation support systems
Recognizing
To reference this document use:
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bdbf2a11-363b-48f3-a074-6eccfdb2775f
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0471-3_3
Publisher
Springer
Embargo date
2022-12-05
ISBN
9789811604706
Source
Recent Advances in Agent-based Negotiation - Formal Models and Human Aspects
Event
12th International Workshop on Automated Negotiations, ACAN 2019 held in conjunction with International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2019, 2019-08-10 → 2019-08-13, Macao, Macao
Series
Studies in Computational Intelligence, 1860-949X, 958
Bibliographical note
Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.
Part of collection
Institutional Repository
Document type
conference paper
Rights
© 2021 Vincent J. Koeman, K.V. Hindriks, Jonathan Gratch, C.M. Jonker