Print Email Facebook Twitter Hydrogen carriers for zero-emission ship propulsion using PEM fuel cells Title Hydrogen carriers for zero-emission ship propulsion using PEM fuel cells: an evaluation Author Van Rheenen, E.S. (TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations) Padding, J.T. (TU Delft Complex Fluid Processing) Slootweg, J. C. (Universiteit van Amsterdam) Visser, K. (TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations) Date 2023 Abstract Green hydrogen combined with PEM fuel cell systems is a viable option to meet the demand for alternative maritime fuels. However, hydrogen storage faces challenges, including low volumetric density, fire and explosion risks and transport challenges. We assessed over fifteen hydrogen carriers based on their maritime performance characteristics to determine their suitability for shipboard use. Evaluation criteria included energy density, locally zero-emission, circularity of process, safety, dehydrogenation process, logistic availability and handling. Thus, excluding ammonia and methanol because of these constraints, we found that borohydrides, liquid organic hydrogen carriers and ammoniaborane are the most promising hydrogen carriers to use on ships with PEM fuel cells. Borohydrides, specifically sodium borohydride, have high energy densities but face regeneration issues. The liquid organic hydrogen carrier dibenzyltoluene has a lower energy density but exhibits easy hydrogenation and good handling. Given varying operational demands, we developed a framework to assess the suitability of hydrogen carriers for use in different ship categories. Evaluating the three types of hydrogen carriers, using our framework and considering current practices, shows that these are viable options for almost all ship types. Thus, we have identified three types of hydrogen carriers, which should be the focus of future research. Subject alternative fuelsHydrogenhydrogen carriersliquid hydrogen carriersmaritime transportationsolid hydrogen carriers To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ce210766-ea39-4126-a127-c1bef6386f29 DOI https://doi.org/10.1080/20464177.2023.2282691 ISSN 2046-4177 Source Journal of Marine Engineering and Technology Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type journal article Rights © 2023 E.S. Van Rheenen, J.T. Padding, J. C. Slootweg, K. Visser Files PDF Hydrogen_carriers_for_zer ... uation.pdf 2.52 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:ce210766-ea39-4126-a127-c1bef6386f29/datastream/OBJ/view