Print Email Facebook Twitter Test and evaluation of precipitation drag on an aircraft caused by snow and standing water on a runway Title Test and evaluation of precipitation drag on an aircraft caused by snow and standing water on a runway Author Giesberts, M.K.H. Institution National Aerospace Laboratory NLR Date 2001-11-30 Abstract This report is based on a paper presented by NLR on the 22"" International Congress of Aeronautical Sciences (ICAS 2000) hosted by the Royal Aeronautical Society (Raes) from August 27* to September T' 2000 in Harrogate (UK). This presentation contained the results of the CONTAMRUNWAY project which started in 1997 when the European Commission (EC) Directorate General Transport (DG -VII) awarded a contract to a consortium of Dassault Aviation, SAAB Civil Aircraft and the National Aerospace Laboratory NLR to advice on the validity of the precipitation drag calculations in Joint Aviation Regulations (JAR) Advisory Material Joint (AMJ) 25X1591. The resulting project consisted of a theoretical study as well as the execution and analysis of flight test runs. To obtain flight test data the NLR Cessna Citation II, a Dassault Falcon 2000 and a SAAB 2000 research aircraft performed tests on runways contaminated with either standing water or loose snow. Unbraked rolling tests were executed through the precipitation in order to obtain information on hydroplaning characteristics (in standing water) and precipitation drag (in fresh natural snow and standing water conditions). The tests in standing water showed that hydroplaning phenomena occurred at lower speeds than predicted by the AMJ 25X1591. Observation of the spray patterns during the water tests showed considerably more contact with the airframe than the AMJ 25X1591 assumes, resulting in more total precipitation drag for commuter and business type aircraft than predicted by the method currently provided in the AMJ 25X1591 regulations. Analysis of the snow results showed that the AMJ 25X1591 applies a physically incorrect model for snow drag prediction. The observed increase of the precipitation drag with the speed during the tests in fresh natural snow is substantially different from the theoretical drag predicted by the AMJ regulation. A new model is presented by NLR to replace the existing theory on snow drag prediction. This paper discuses the execution and analysis of the flight tests and the theory developed. To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d52fefec-eb20-4ab8-92e5-ae0c4aac8de9 Publisher Nationaal Lucht- en Ruimtevaartlaboratorium Access restriction Campus only Source NLR Technical Publication TP 2001-490 Part of collection Aerospace Engineering Reports Document type report Rights (c)2001 National Aerospace Laboratory NLR Files PDF 2001-490.pdf 10.74 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:d52fefec-eb20-4ab8-92e5-ae0c4aac8de9/datastream/OBJ/view