Title
A 2.6-to-4.1GHz Fractional-N Digital PLL Based on a Time-Mode Arithmetic Unit Achieving -249.4dB FoM and -59dBc Fractional Spurs
Author
Gao, Z. (TU Delft Electronics)
He, J. (TU Delft Electronics)
Fritz, Martin (Sony Europe)
Gong, J. (TU Delft QCD/Sebastiano Lab)
Shen, Y. (TU Delft Electronics)
Zong, Z. (TU Delft Electronics)
Chen, Peng (University College Dublin)
Staszewski, R.B. (TU Delft Electronics) ![ORCID 0000-0001-9848-1129 ORCID 0000-0001-9848-1129](/sites/all/themes/tud_repo3/img/icons/orcid_16x16.png)
Alavi, S.M. (TU Delft Electronics) ![ORCID 0000-0001-9663-5630 ORCID 0000-0001-9663-5630](/sites/all/themes/tud_repo3/img/icons/orcid_16x16.png)
Babaie, M. (TU Delft Electronics) ![ORCID 0000-0001-7635-5324 ORCID 0000-0001-7635-5324](/sites/all/themes/tud_repo3/img/icons/orcid_16x16.png)
Contributor
Fujino, Laura C. (editor)
Date
2022
Abstract
In a fractional-N PLL, it is beneficial to minimize the input range of its phase detector (PD) as it promotes better linearity and higher PD gain for suppressing noise contributions of the following loop components. This can be done by canceling the predicted instantaneous time offset between the frequency reference (FREF) and the variable oscillator-clock (CKV) edges prior to the PD. There are currently two main cancellation strategies. The first is to align FREF and CKV by inserting a digital-to-time converter (DTC) on either path. However, due to the DTC nonlinearity and its susceptibility to PVT variations, the PLL can suffer from large fractional spurs. Although system-level techniques, e.g., background calibration [1], supply ripple reduction [2], and DTC code randomization [3], can partially alleviate these DTC issues, the overall system complexity worsens. The second method is to convert and cancel the predicted time offset in the voltage domain [4]. This arrangement is less sensitive to PVT variations. However, the accuracy of the time-to-voltage conversion relies on the strict trade-offs between the power consumption, noise, and linearity of a current source. In this work, we introduce a third solution based on a time-mode arithmetic unit (TAU), which outputs a weighted sum of time delays between the (falling) edges of FREF and CKV, as well as between two consecutive CKV edges. Compared with DTC-based solutions, it is less sensitive to PVT variations, as its output merely varies by the ratio of RC time constants, thus ensuring low fractional spurs with no extra system complexity. Compared to the voltage-domain solutions, the absence of a current source is beneficial for phase-noise optimization and migration to more advanced technology nodes. Moreover, TAU can implicitly provide a time-amplification (TA) gain, thus further suppressing the noise of subsequent blocks.
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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d5763259-4226-4e9b-b2f7-34bc6de1f4b1
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSCC42614.2022.9731561
Publisher
IEEE, Danvers
Embargo date
2023-07-01
ISBN
978-1-6654-2801-9
Source
2022 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, ISSCC 2022: Digest of technical papers
Event
2022 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference (ISSCC), 2022-02-20 → 2022-02-26, Online at San Francisco, United States
Series
Digest of Technical Papers - IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, 0193-6530, 2022-February
Bibliographical note
Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.
Part of collection
Institutional Repository
Document type
conference paper
Rights
© 2022 Z. Gao, J. He, Martin Fritz, J. Gong, Y. Shen, Z. Zong, Peng Chen, R.B. Staszewski, S.M. Alavi, M. Babaie, More Authors