Print Email Facebook Twitter First ALMA Millimeter-wavelength Maps of Jupiter, with a Multiwavelength Study of Convection Title First ALMA Millimeter-wavelength Maps of Jupiter, with a Multiwavelength Study of Convection Author de Pater, I. (TU Delft Astrodynamics & Space Missions; University of California) Sault, R. J. (University of Melbourne) Moeckel, Chris (University of California) Moullet, Arielle (SOFIA/USRA) Wong, Michael H. (University of California) Goullaud, Charles (University of California) Deboer, David (University of California) Butler, Bryan J. (National Radio Astronomy Observatory) Bjoraker, Gordon (NASA Goddard Space Flight Center) Date 2019 Abstract We obtained the first maps of Jupiter at 1-3 mm wavelength with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) on 2017 January 3-5, just days after an energetic eruption at 16.5S jovigraphic latitude had been reported by the amateur community, and about two to three months after the detection of similarly energetic eruptions in the northern hemisphere, at 22.2-23.0N. Our observations, probing below the ammonia cloud deck, show that the erupting plumes in the South Equatorial Belt bring up ammonia gas from the deep atmosphere. While models of plume eruptions that are triggered at the water condensation level explain data taken at uv-visible and mid-infrared wavelengths, our ALMA observations provide a crucial, hitherto missing, link in the moist convection theory by showing that ammonia gas from the deep atmosphere is indeed brought up in these plumes. Contemporaneous Hubble Space Telescope data show that the plumes reach altitudes as high as the tropopause. We suggest that the plumes at 22.2-23.0N also rise up well above the ammonia cloud deck and that descending air may dry the neighboring belts even more than in quiescent times, which would explain our observations in the north. Subject methods: observationalplanets and satellites: atmospheresradiative transferradio continuum: planetary systemstechniques: interferometric To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:31521ae3-c11f-4e51-8f66-9f6b0f307f72 DOI https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab3643 ISSN 0004-6256 Source Astronomical Journal, 158 (4) Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type journal article Rights © 2019 I. de Pater, R. J. Sault, Chris Moeckel, Arielle Moullet, Michael H. Wong, Charles Goullaud, David Deboer, Bryan J. Butler, Gordon Bjoraker, More Authors Files PDF de_Pater_2019_AJ_158_139.pdf 7.14 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:31521ae3-c11f-4e51-8f66-9f6b0f307f72/datastream/OBJ/view